What defines the age of criminal responsibility between ages 10-14?

The age of criminal responsibility, particularly for individuals between the ages of 10 to 14, is a crucial aspect of juvenile justice systems in various jurisdictions. The correct perspective is that individuals in this age range are often viewed as lacking the complete understanding of right from wrong, which influences their ability to comprehend the legal consequences of their actions fully.

This concept reflects a legal principle known as the "doli incapax," meaning that children under a certain age are presumed incapable of committing a crime because they do not possess the necessary mental capacity to understand the implications of their behavior. This understanding serves to protect younger individuals from being held criminally accountable in the same way that adults are, recognizing that their developmental stage influences their decision-making processes.

In contrast, the other options suggest scenarios where the individual's ability to understand the consequences of their actions is misrepresented. For instance, suggesting that they can be charged as adults or face only civil charges does not accurately reflect the legal protections afforded to minors in this age group.